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199元购买《2022年英语四级翘楚班133课时》
自从今年的考研大纲公布后，有不少小伙伴对于新增的写作考查形式“文字材料写作”有点无从下手，接下来根据大纲中的样题，和各位小伙伴分享一下材料作文的写作。
样题：52. Directions:
Read the following excerpt from an article and write an essay. In your essay, you should explain whether or to what extent you agree with the author. Support your argument with reasons and relevant examples.
Write your answer in 160-200 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
Many of us, whatever our field of work, fear that showing uncertainty can damage our image — and we may compensate by expressing overconfidence in an attempt to win trust. But in many situations people are willing to trust those who can admit they don’t have a definitive answer. Recent studies found that communicating uncertainty and even admitting our mistakes is not harmful and can even be beneficial to trustworthiness. So, failure in “expertise” can be compensated by higher integrity and benevolence. When communicating uncertainty in a transparent way, we are perceived as less biased and willing to tell the truth.
文字材料写作题干要求“阅读一段文字，表达你是否或多大程度上支持材料中作者的观点，并给出理由及例子”，也就是说需要提出观点，并对观点进行论证。这样的呈现顺序与议论文的“三段式”结构（提出论点—分析论点—总结建议）相一致，因此，文字材料作文的整体框架也是典型的三段论，即：观点表达段—理由阐述段—总结段。现在我们系统梳理一下每个段落应该怎么写，以及大家可以借鉴的语言有什么。
对于首段，我们一共需要写三句话，即话题引入、作者观点及个人观点。对于话题引入，基本句型就是“上述段落中所提及/讨论的现象/问题值得我们的注意”。转换为英文模板句型即为“The phenomenon/issue mentioned/discussed in the above paragraph deserves our attention.”或“What is described/discussed in the above paragraph should be attached great importance to.”第二句在表达作者观点时，基本句型为“鉴于此，作者认为……”，英文为“In view of that, the author argues…”或“Concerning that, it is argued that…”，而对于作者观点的提取，与阅读中段落论点的寻找相一致，需要我们关注的是段尾、转折及段首。但是，在我们的模板中“that”后需要加一句完整的话，且不能直接抄写文字材料中作者观点句，需要一定的改写。建议在抓取观点句后，先用中文将自己对作者观点的理解写成一句话，然后将这句话写成英文，可以使用文中重复出现的词或词组。就样题而言，第二句虽然是转折句，但是只是对于现象的描述，并非作者观点，所以继续看段末。根据段末句可以将作者观点提炼为“在与他人交流时，坦诚地表现出一些不确定性是有好处的”或进一步概括为“在与他人交流时，我们可以表现出一些不确定性”。英文转述为“We could show some uncertainty when communicating with others”。接下来写个人观点句，建议大家写成同意作者的观点：就我而言，作者的论述很有道理，因此我完全同意作者的观点。“As far as I am concerned/From where I stand/In my opinion/Personally, what the author argues is quite/fairely reasonable, and hence/thus/therefore I fully/totally agree with the author’s opinion.”
对于理由阐释段，我们采用总分结构：总述句、理由一+例子一、理由二+例子二。语言表达可借鉴“Several reasons can explain why I adopt this stance, but only two major ones will be detailed here. To begin with, …. For example, …. In addition, …. For instance….”我们在本段书写时，可以切入的角度有：个人层面个人的发展（工作、学习等）、个人内心世界/能力/认知、人际关系（家人之间、朋友之间、同学之间等）、社会和谐/经济发展/科技进步/文化繁荣等。结合样题，本段我们可以这么写：Several reasons can explain why I adopt this stance, but only two major ones will be detailed here. To begin with, communicating uncertainty to others could promote one’s own personal development, thereby making it more likely to be a mature and responsible person. For example, I have heard that by communicating uncertainty to his colleagues and even bosses, Jack, one of my best friends, has succeeded in making progress in his work. In addition, it goes without saying that being frank about our uncertainty can have a positive and lasting impact on our relationship with others. My classmate Zhang Wei is a good case in point. He is a boy who would like to show his uncertainty when he is facing problems he cannot deal with and people are quite willing to associate with him.其中划横线部分即为大家可以借鉴的模板语言。
最后，我们再聊聊总结段，本段的三句话包含观点总结、个人总结及结尾句。而且这三句语言相对固定，我们可以这样去写：Considering all the points discussed above, I have every reason to support the author’s argument. It is high time that we/people took concrete and efficient actions to implement what the author has argued. Looking further ahead, we can say with full confidence that it is reasonable for us to expect a better society.当然，大家可以根据思路以及语言的意思，进行适当的改写。
以上就是对于我们文字材料写作的梳理，大家需要重点关注的是思路，而语言可以在此参照基础上进一步改进。
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