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1、Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry.（2019英语二 Text3）
 
本句主要难点在于修饰结构多，包括短语和从句的形式。
 
【断句标志】从属连词
①Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers // ②that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry.
主干：主谓宾+定语①Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers
修饰：定语从句②that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry.
 
【主干】主谓宾+定语①Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers
主干：主语Congress（名词）；谓语has obstructed（现在完成时）；宾语efforts（名词）
修饰：后置定语to create a more straightforward visa（to do不定式）修饰efforts；后置定语for agricultural workers（介词短语）修饰visa
 
【修饰】定语从句②that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry.
定语从句，和后置定语for agricultural workers（介词短语）一起修饰先行词visa
主干：主语that（引导词）；谓语1would let和谓语2change（动词并列and）；宾语1foreign workers（名词短语）和宾补stay longer in the U.S.（v.原形），宾语2 jobs（名词）
修饰：状语within the industry（介词短语）修饰change
 
 
 
2、They could even be detrimental, satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions – a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.（2019英语二 Text4）
 
本句主要难点在于状语短语功能的理解，并列结构多导致句子变长信息量大。
 
【断句标志】标点符号
①They could even be harmful, //②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions //③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
主干：主系表①They could even be harmful
修饰：
状语②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions
同位语③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
 
【主干】主系表They could even be harmful
主语they（代词）；系动词could be；表语harmful（形容词）
状语even（副词）修饰be
 
【修饰】
状语②satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions
v-ing短语作状语，修饰主句。
其中，主要结构为v短语satisfy a need；
后置定语to have “done our bit”（to do不定式）修饰need；状语without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions（介词短语）修饰have
 
同位语③– a kind of “moral licensing” that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.
n.短语作同位语，修饰破折号前的整个状语（satisfying...actions）。
其中，主要结构为a kind of “moral licensing”，a kind of前置定语（表示种类的of短语）修饰moral licensing；
定语从句that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge修饰moral licensing，
定从中，主语that；谓语1eases和谓语2 stops（v.并列and）；宾语1our concerns，宾语2 us+宾补1doing more和宾补2 asking more of those in charge并列；
后置定语in charge（介词短语）修饰those

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