
1. Politicians have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.(2012年text4)
【题目考点】定语从句;现在分词短语
【结构解析】句子的主干为 Politicians have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals;两个现在分词结构由 but 并列:keeping the pay increases modest和adding to holidays and especially pensions;后面的that引导定语从句,该定语从句修饰的先行词为pensions,并且that在定语从句中做主语,指的就是pensions;注意区别N+that结构中,若that在从句中不做成分,则为同位语从句。
【重点词汇】politicians政客;public-sector公共部门;backload 回载,变相增加;pay deals 工资协定;modest谦虚的,适度的;pensions养老金;generous慷慨的,大方的
【参考译文】政客们一再反复“变相增加”公共部门的工资协议待遇,其工资持续增长,增幅虽不大,但却不断增加本就丰厚的节假日,尤其是养老金。
2. Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most notoriously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.(2012年英语一text4)
【题目考点】定语从句
【结构解析】该句主干为 Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education 对前面的opposed进行补充,后面的where 引导的是定语从句,该定语从句修饰的先行词为education,注意同学们认知上的误区,以为where只能引导地点状语从句,而对于N+where结构中,N为与地点相关的名词时,则where引导定语从句。在该定语从句中,education为抽象地点名词。
【重点词汇】reform 改革;notoriously臭名昭著地;oppose反对;vigorously有活力地;charter schools 特许学校;merit pay绩效工资;drawn-out旷日持久的;battles战斗
【参考译文】改革一直遭到强烈反对,可能最臭名昭著地是在教育改革中,其中,特许学校、学院和绩效工资都面临着旷日持久的战斗。
3.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers' unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.(2012年英语一text4)
【题目考点】让步状语从句,同位语从句
【结构解析】句子的主干为teachers' unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones,并列的动名词结构共同做主句的宾语:getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones;Even though引导让步状语从句,表示尽管,该让步状语从句中嵌套了一个that同位语从句,即that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable,该同位语从句是对前面evidence进行解释说明。
【重点词汇】variable 变量;teachers' unions 教师工会;get rid of 摆脱;promote 提升,升职;
【参考译文】尽管有大量证据表明,教师的质量是最重要的变量,但教师工会一直抗议对教师行业进行优胜劣汰。
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