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1. Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. （2014英语一新题型）
主语：Some archaeological sites
谓语：have always been
表语：observable
同位语：for example…southern England; 其中in Athens, Greece为介词短语作定语修饰the Parthenon；of Giza in Egypt为介词短语作定语修饰the pyramids；of Stonehenge in southern England为介词短语作定语修饰the megaliths
参考译文：
一些考古遗址一直很容易观察到，例如，希腊雅典的帕台农神庙，埃及吉萨金字塔；以及英格兰南部巨石阵的巨石。
2. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. （2014英语一新题型）
While并列连词，并列句子1：Most archaeological …careful searching和句子2：many others …by accident
句子1中：主语Most archaeological sites 谓语have been located 介词短语作方式状语by means of careful searching
句子2中：主语many others 谓语have been discovered 介词短语作状语by accident
参考译文：
大多数考古遗址都是通过仔细搜索找到的，而其他许多遗址则是偶然发现的。
3.Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. （2014英语一新题型）
主语：Olduvai Gorge
N短语作同位语：an early hominid site in Tanzania
谓语：was found
介词短语作状语：by a butterfly hunter
定语从句修饰a butterfly hunter：who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911
参考译文：
奥杜威峡谷是坦桑尼亚的一个早期原始人遗址，1911年，一位掉入山谷的蝴蝶猎人发现了它。
4. In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. （2014英语一新题型）
介词短语作状语：In another case；副词作状语systematically
主语：American archaeologists Rene Million and George Cowgill
谓语：spent
宾语：years
宾补：mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City
宾语从句：what is now Mexico City
参考译文：
在另一个案例中，美国考古学家雷内·米隆和乔治·考吉尔（花了数年时间系统地绘制了位于墨西哥谷的整个特奥蒂瓦坎市的地图，该市位于现在的墨西哥城附近。 
5. The researchers mapped not only the city's vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived. （2014英语一新题型）
主语：The researchers
谓语：mapped
Not only… but also…宾语并列：not only the city's vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes
定语从句修饰simpler apartment complexes：where common people lived
参考译文：
研究人员不仅绘制了这座城市宽阔华丽的礼仪区，还绘制了数百个普通人居住的简易公寓建筑群。
6. Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. （2014英语一新题型）
主语：they
谓语：survey and sample
宾语：large areas of terrain
To do短语作目的状语：to determine where excavation will yield useful information
宾语从句：where excavation will yield useful information
参考译文：
通常，他们会对大面积的地形进行调查和取样（进行测试挖掘），以确定挖掘将在哪里产生有用的信息。

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