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考研英语长难句解析
1. The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of     the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change.
结构划分：① The Flatiron School started as one of the many coding bootcamps
② where people pay to learn programming
③ that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change.
重点词汇：programming：n.设计编程 bootcamp：n.训练营 career : n.职业
语法分析：句子主干为The Flatiron School started as one of the many coding bootcamps；修饰成分where people pay to learn programming为where引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Flatiron School；that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. 为that引导的定语从句修饰先行词the Flatiron School，其中looking for a career change为v-ing形式作后置定语，修饰adults。
参考译文：熨斗学校，人们花钱来学习编程的地方，开始只是众多编码训练营之中的一家，现如今已在那些寻求职业转变的成人中大受欢迎。
2. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action, and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat.
结构划分：①they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments and with the private landowners.
②which are often uneasy with federal action
③who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat.
重点词汇：habitat n.栖息地 collaboration n.合作 landowner n.土地所有者  
forge v.形成，缔造
语法分析：主句为 they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments and with the private landowners；修饰成分which are often uneasy with federal action，为which引导的定语从句，修饰western state governments；修饰成分who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken’s habitat为who引导的定语从句修饰the private landowners；两处定语从句可采用后置法，单独成句。
参考译文：特别是，他们呼吁与西部各州政府以及私人土地所有者缔造更紧密的合作关系；西部各州政府通常不满联邦政府的行为，那些私人土地所有者控制着约95%的草原榛鸡栖息地。
3. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says.
结构划分：① acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude
② crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices
③ that make it as safe as possible
重点词汇：acknowledge  v.承认  inevitable  adj. 不可避免的  
presence n. 存在   crucial adj. 至关重要的
语法分析： acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude
为主句；crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰attitude；that make it as safe as possible为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the laws, policies, and practices，由于定语从句较为短小，可采用前置法进行翻译。
参考译文：但是，承认火灾在人类生活中的必然存在这一态度，对于制定确保火灾尽可能安全的法律、政策以及惯例至关重要，她说道。
4. Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective, while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.
结构划分：① Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective
② while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results
重点词汇： distraction  n. 分心         render   v. 使得...  
ineffective  adj. 无效的     room  n. 空间
improvisation  n. 即兴创作   reap  v. 收获
语法分析： Harford argues that...为主句，其中that inevitable distractions...can reap the best results为that引导的为宾语从句，其中while为并列连词，译为“然而”。
参考译文：哈福德提出，不可避免的分心通常会使每日任务清单失效，然而在任务清单中留出临时应变的空间则能收获最好的结果。
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