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一、 状语（从句）的类型（识别）
（一）、 地点状语从句
常见识别标志：where
例：they do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. (2016 text 2)
（二）、时间状语从句
常见识别标志：when before after while since as until
例：the court cannot maintain its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law when justices behave like politicians. (2012完型)
注：1. While在考研英语中大部分作为让步状语引导词出现
2. since 可引导时间状语和原因状语，区别方法是看主句有无现在完成时，若有，则为时间状语的标志。
More than 60000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last year. (2009 text2)
3. as可引导多个状语，需要从句意来判断。
4. until的两个用法
(1) not until: I had not heard the news until she told me. 主句动作在从句动作后发生。
(2) until: He continued working up until his death. 主句动作在until从句动作后结束。
（三）、原因状语从句
常见识别标志：because/ since/ as/ for/ now that/ in that/ considering
例：1. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. （2009年Text3）
2. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made. （2008年新题型）
注：since注意主句有无现在完成时
Some individuals would therefore not have been caught since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them. （2006年Text3）
特殊连词（短语）：because of，due to，owing to，given
例：1. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of the possible restriction on their granting. （2010年Text2）
2. A lot of students take up law as their profession due to the attraction of financial rewards. （2014年Text2）
（四）结果状语从句
常见识别标志so…that…，such…that…，so that… to the extent that（大致意思是/在某种程度上）; to such a degree that （到达某种程度以至于)
例：1. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table. （2018年翻译）
2. Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain that their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering, to the extent that it constitutes systematic patient abuse.
注：so that可引导结果和目的状语 （主句或从句中有情态V时）引导目的状语
（五）目的状语从句
常见识别标志：so that，lest；in case that; for fear that
例：1. Leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. （2008年新题型）
2. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. （2008年新题型）
注：so that （主句或从句中有情态V时）引导目的状语
（六）条件状语从句
常用从属连词if，unless
例：If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. （2002年Text1）
特殊连词：so/as long as/if only (只要），only if（只有）; provided（假如）
例：If you're a physician, you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide. （2002年Text4）
（七）让步状语从句
常用从属连词：though，although，even if，even though，while，as
例：1. Although sadness also precedes tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow from muscular responses. （2011年完形）
2. While he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.（2008年翻译48)
特殊连词：no matter + what, who, how可以代替whatever, whoever, however
例：1. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information.（2007年Text1）
表示让步的介词（短语）：despite，in spite of，regardless of, for all
例：1. In spite of “endless talk of difference”, American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people.（2006年Text1）
（八）方式状语从句
常用从属连词：as
例：1. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it（2006年 Text4）
表示方式的短语：in the way, in the manner, by doing, by the means, with+n
例：1. I shall define him as an individual who has elected the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life.（2006年翻译）
（九）比较状语从句
常用从属连词：than
例：1. Trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you're trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you. （2020年新题型）
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