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1.However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered. (2021年英语一阅读理解text1)
结构划分：① There is a strong case
② that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation
③ for the disruption they have suffered. 
重点词汇：
case          n. 论据；理由
industrial action（罢工等）劳工行动
compensation  n.赔偿；补偿；赔偿金
disruption     n.扰乱；中断
语法分析：本句主干为第一部分“there is a strong case”采用了there be句型。后面接着的第二部分是that从句，因为that在该从句中不做成分，所以判定其为同位语从句，解释说明前面抽象名词case。在that引导的同位语从句中，主语是those，而后面使用了who引导的定语从句对其进行修饰；谓语动词是should receive；宾语是 compensation。而最后第三部分中的the disruption they have suffered还包含了省略that的定语从句，这里在disruption后面，省略了that，they have suffered是定语从句，修饰disruption。
参考译文：然而，这里完全有理由—被劳工行动（罢工）影响最严重的那些人应该为他们遭受的扰乱而收到赔偿。
2.That’s why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the internet. (2021年英语一阅读理解text4)
结构划分：① That’s why there has been such a strong demand for rules         ② that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online
③ preserving the freedom and innovation
④ that have been the lifeblood of the internet
重点单词：
broadband providers  宽带运营商
preserve            v. 保护；维护
innovation          n. 创新
lifeblood            n. （事物的）命脉；生命线
语法分析：第一部分是本句的主干：That’s why…，是主系表结构，且表语是why引导的表语从句，该从句中包含there be结构。第二部分是that引导的从句，在从句中作主语，所以是定语从句，修饰前面的rules，其中有一个固定搭配需要注意-prevent sb from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。第三部分是V-ing短语作结果状语。第四部分也是that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语，修饰前面的名词短语freedom and innovation。
参考译文：那就是为什么人们对规则有强烈的需求，它们阻止了宽带运营商来决定在网上谁赢谁输，从而维护了互联网的命脉—自由和创新。
3.Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that “the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service,” and said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene to “avoid trapping internet regulation in technological anachronism.” (2021年英语一阅读理解text4)
结构划分：① Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion
② that “the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband   
service,”
③ and said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene
④ to “avoid trapping internet regulation in technological anachronism.”   
重点单词：
rightly            adv.公正地
concurring         adj.意见一致的
unhinge            v.与…脱节
Supreme Court      最高法院
intervene           v.干涉；介入
trap               v.使…陷入困境
internet regulation    网络监管
anachronism         n.过时的人（或风俗、思想）；不合时宜
语法分析：第一部分主干，Judge Patricia Millett是主语，argued是谓语动词，in a concurring opinion是介词短语作状语修饰谓语动词。第二部分是that从句，被介词短语隔开，实际为argue后的宾语，所以是宾语从句。第三部分是and引导的并列结构，连接了argued和said两个谓语动词，所以此处said也是主干的谓语动词；而这里said后面有个完整的句子，符合V+句子结构，因此said之后是省略that的宾语从句。最后第四部分为to do结构作目的状语。
参考译文：但是，法官帕特里夏·米勒特在同样的意见中，公正地指出“这个结果和现代宽带服务的现实脱节”，并表示“国会或最高法院可以介入干涉，以避免网络监管陷入科技过时的困境。”考研实用工具推荐
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