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考研英语词汇中绝大多数常用单词都有不止一个意思，因此需要我们理解清楚，尤其要配合例句加深理解。我们学习词汇不仅仅是背诵一两条中文释义，我们还要理解它的用法和搭配，并在阅读中不断巩固复习。

　1、allege /əˈledʒ/

allege是动词，只有一个意思，指在未证实或没有证据时“断言，宣称，声称”。

The man alleges that his watch has been stolen. 此人声称他的表被偷了。

It was alleged that the policeman had accepted bribes. 有人声称那位警察收受贿赂。

He is alleged to have assaulted five men. 他被指控殴打了五名男子。

　2、alleviate /əˈliːvieɪt/

alleviate是动词，意为“减轻，缓和”痛苦或苦难。

Her words did little to alleviate his fears. 她的话没怎么减轻他的恐惧感。

These measures are designed to alleviate the situation. 这些措施旨在缓和局势。

These problems have been greatly alleviated by the passing of the new Act. 新条例的使这些问题得以大大地缓解。

　3、alliance /əˈlaɪəns/

alliance是名词，指国家或组织间的“联盟，同盟”，也可指“联合，结盟”这个动作。

The organization is a broad alliance of many different groups. 这个组织是许多不同团体的广泛联盟。

The two parties were still too much apart to form an alliance. 两党分歧甚大，还远未能结成同盟。

Some of us feel that the union is in alliance with management against us.我们中一些人感到工会和管理层联合起来对付我们。

　4、allocate /ˈæləkeɪt/

allocate是动词，意为“分配，配给”，常用allocate sth to sb 或者跟双宾语allocate sb sth。

You should allocate the same amount of time to each question. 你应当给每个问题分配相同的时间。

The project is being allocated more resources. 这个项目正获得更多的资源。

A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library. 已划拨了一大笔款子给图书馆购买新书。

　5、allowance /əˈlaʊəns/

allowance是名词，意为“津贴，补助”，也可指“定量，限额”，短语make allowance for意为“顾及，考虑到”。

You may be entitled to a housing allowance if you are in a low-paid job. 如果你工作收入低，就可能有权享受住房补贴。

The baggage allowance for most flights is 20 kilos. 大多数班机允许乘客携带的行李重量限额是20公斤。

The budget made allowance for inflation. 预算考虑到了通货膨胀。

The raw exam results make no allowance for social background. 原始的考试成绩是不受社会背景影响的。

　6、alloy /ˈælɔɪ/

alloy是名词，指“合金”。

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin. 青铜是铜和锡的合金。

　7、ally /ˈælaɪ/

ally是名词，意为“同盟国”，the Allies指一战的协约国或者二战的同盟国。ally还可以指“盟友，支持者”。

Portugal is a traditional ally of England. 葡萄牙是英国的传统盟国。

Washington would not take such a step without its allies' approval. 没有盟国的同意，华盛顿将不会采取这样一种行动。

He is generally considered to be the Prime Minister's closest political ally.人们普遍认为他是首相亲密的政治盟友。

　8、alphabet /ˈælfəbet/

alphabet是名词，意为“字母表”，形容词alphabetical意为“字母表的，按字母顺序的”。

The modern Russian alphabet has 31 letters. 现代俄语字母表有31个字母。

The names on the list are in alphabetical order. 名单上的名字是按字母顺序排列的。

　9、alter /ˈɔːltə/

alter是动词，意为“改变，变更”。

Nothing alters the fact that children are our responsibility. 什么都改变不了孩子是我们的责任的事实。

He had not altered greatly in the last ten years. 过去10年中他变化不大。

　10、alternate a./ɔːlˈtɜːnət/ v./ˈɔːltəneɪt/

alternate作形容词，意为“交替的，轮流的”，还可以指“间隔的，每隔…时间”。

a dessert with alternate layers of chocolate and cream 巧克力和鲜奶油层叠的甜点

she was asked to attend on alternate days. 她被要求隔天出席。

alternate作动词意为“轮流，交替”。

She alternated between cheerfulness and deep despair. 她时而情绪亢奋，时而又深陷绝望之中。

Periods of depression alternate with excited behavior. 沮丧期与兴奋交替出现。